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Technical background

The fundamentals behind the setup values: what an adjuster does, why a condition moves it, and how to test a change.

All disciplinesEnduroMotocrossSuperbike / TrackSupermoto

28 articles

Condition quick reference: what to change

A compact cheat-sheet: the FIRST things to reach for when the day is not the dry, standard base you set up on. Start from your saved base setup, make ONE block of changes for the condition, then test. Clicks are count...

Brake pads, fluid and bedding-in - the deep guide

Brakes are safety-critical. This is a deeper companion to "Brakes: pads, lever feel and braking setup" (slug: brakes-and-braking-setup) - that article covers lever feel and the setup-serves-technique idea; this one go...

Brakes: pads, lever feel and braking setup

Brakes are a setup item, not just a service item. Small changes in pads, lever position and fluid transform feel and control.

Cockpit and controls ergonomics: handlebar, levers and footpegs

Your contact points - handlebar, brake lever, clutch lever, footpegs - are where every input reaches the bike. Getting them set to your body is one of the cheapest ways to gain control and reduce arm-pump and fatigue....

The steering damper: what it does, types, and how to adjust it

Cross-references: for fork height, ride height and trail see chassis-geometry-basics; for the tankslapper cause tree see sbk-symptom-trees and symptom-cause-trees. This article does not repeat geometry setup.

The motorcycle clutch: hydraulic vs cable, free play and setup

The clutch sits between engine and gearbox. Pull the lever and a stack of friction plates and steel plates is separated so the engine is disconnected from the rear wheel; release the lever and springs clamp the stack ...

Enduro on wet roots and rocks: contact over stiffnessEnduro

Wet roots, greasy rock slabs and slimy off-camber are the most humbling surfaces in enduro - and the most common mistake is to go firmer to "control" the bike. That is backwards. On a slippery surface you do not need ...

Enduro suspension setup: cross-country vs hard enduroEnduro

Enduro covers two very different worlds and the bike wants different things in each. Cross-country (fast forest, grass-track, transfer stages) rewards a firmer, more controlled chassis close to a motocross setup. Hard...

Enduro tyres and mousse: choice and pressureEnduro

The tyre is the single biggest traction lever on an enduro bike - bigger than any clicker. Get the pattern, the carcass and the pressure right before you chase suspension.

Enduro race day: the setup and prep workflowEnduro

Enduro events reward preparation and consistency over a single fast lap. Sort the bike and the plan before the start.

Suspension break-in - why your new bike changes after 5 hours

Chassis geometry: fork height, ride height and what they do

Geometry is the balance between agility and stability. Two small adjustments move it a long way - change one at a time and feel it.

Spring rate for your weight: how to know if your springs are right

Stock springs are chosen for an average rider, usually around 75-85 kg in gear. If you are significantly lighter or heavier, no amount of clicker adjustment will fix it - clickers control how fast oil moves, springs c...

Chain and sprockets - the care and wear guide

This guide is the deeper, cited companion to "Chain and sprockets: slack, care and when to replace" (chain-and-sprocket-care). For tooth counts and ratios see the gearing guide (gearing-guide). Every number here trace...

Chain and sprockets: slack, care and when to replace

The final drive is cheap to maintain and expensive to neglect. A dry or misadjusted chain robs power, wears sprockets and can lock a wheel if it fails.

Clicker basics - compression, rebound, and how to test a change

Clickers fine-tune DAMPING - how fast the suspension is allowed to move. They do not change how stiff the spring is. Sag and spring rate first; clickers after.

Engine maps, traction control and engine braking: what they do

Modern bikes let you tune the engine's character as much as the chassis. Used well these are grip and confidence tools, not just power settings.

Setting sag - the first and most important adjustment

Sag is how far the suspension compresses under the bike's own weight (static sag) and with the rider on board in full gear (race/rider sag). It positions the suspension in its working range - every clicker setting bui...

New bike: the first setup checklist before you ride

A new or new-to-you bike is set for an average rider, not you. Ten minutes before the first ride makes it feel like yours and is the cheapest performance you will ever find.

OEM setup cards - 250 MX 2025 and supermoto factory settings

Companion to the 450 MX card. Block A are Keefer TESTED baselines (target rider ~68-82 kg; stock deviations noted) - use for plausibility, not as stock values. Block B are FACTORY values from owner's manuals - usable ...

Tyre construction, compounds, break-in and reading wear

This guide covers what a tyre is made of, what the compound codes mean, how to scrub a new tyre in, why race tyres "wear out" by heat cycle, and how to read the story a used tyre tells. Pressure and choice-by-conditio...

Tire pressure - the cheapest setup change you can make

Pressure changes contact patch, carcass stability, and temperature build-up - it is the highest-leverage 2-minute setup change, and the most often neglected one.

Tyre pressure by discipline and condition (reference)

Every numeric pressure below is traced to a named web source (a tyre maker or a vehicle manufacturer). Where a number could not be validated from such a source, only a direction is given and it is marked as a principl...

Tire pressure reference values (manufacturer data, per category)

Plausibility anchors for per-bike base values; engine deltas move within these bands. Affected keys: tirepressurefront, tirepressurerear.

Tire choice by condition - pattern and compound before pressure

Pressure fine-tunes; the right carcass/pattern/compound is the step change. Pressure bands per category live in tire-pressure-reference-values.

Sag targets and spring rate by rider weight

Every number below traces to a named manufacturer manual or suspension authority (KTM, Ohlins, Race Tech, MXA/Bones Bacon, Enduro21, Bud Racing). Where sources disagree, both the range and the sources are given. Where...

Wet-weather setup: track, motocross and supermoto

Wet riding is won with grip and smoothness, not stiffness. The same principles apply across disciplines, with a few discipline-specific tweaks.

Gearing - sprockets, ratios and what one tooth really does

- Tight / technical tracks and climbs: one tooth MORE on the rear. Shorter gearing gives more drive out of slow corners and up hills where the engine would otherwise lug. - Fast / flowing tracks: one tooth LESS on the...